Course Requirements
PA 3201 Systems Pathology
Builds on information gained in General Pathology (PA 2201). This course provides students with an understanding of disease processes. Specifically, the etiology and pathogenesis of the major diseases affecting each individual body system are presented. Where applicable, areas of current research into the etio-pathogenesis of disease are highlighted. The course is taught in synchrony with Clinical Microbiology (PA 3202), Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis (PA 3305), and Diagnosis and Symptomatology (CD 3305) in order to enhance integration.
PA 3202 Clinical Microbiology
Builds on information gained in General Microbiology (PA 2202) and is designed to highlight the clinical manifestations of infectious diseases. Using a systemic approach, this course is taught in synchrony with Systems Pathology (PA 3201) and Diagnosis and Symptomatology (CD 3305) to enhance integration.
PA 3305 Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis
Provides a background in the basic principles of haematology and clinical chemistry necessary to understand the role and proper use of the medical laboratory in chiropractic practice. The course discusses the principles involved in utilizing the laboratory in clinical decision making, and the role of specific laboratory tests in the diagnosis of various diseases is discussed using a body systems approach. To enhance integration, the course is taught in synchrony with Systems Pathology (PA 3201) and Diagnosis and Symptomatology (CD 3305).
PH 3407 Clinical Nutrition
Provides students with applied nutritional knowledge. With the nutritional theory of PH 2206 serving as a foundation, the course helps translate nutritional theory into practical patient based nutritional care using a Team Based Learning approach.
AC 3305 Chiropractic Clinical Management
Taught in a Problem Based Learning format and consists of small group clinical discussions of common conditions affecting the spine and extremities. Emphasis is on integration of examination findings, diagnosis, informed consent, and management through problem solving. The clinical decision making process is centred on a neurobiomechanical model integrating the clinical and biological sciences. Problems focus on the rationale for adjustive, manipulative and mobilization techniques of the spine, pelvis, and extremities.
AC 3306 Chiropractic Skills III
Consists of small group tutorials of advanced instruction centred around the material taught in Clinical Management (AC 3305). Emphasis is on proficiency in conducting a comprehensive static and motion palpation examination of the spine, extremities, pelvis, and rib articulations. A focus is also placed on performing various adjustive, manipulative, and mobilization techniques. Students develop the ability to correlate analysis with appropriate chiropractic techniques and procedures. Students learn further soft tissue procedures, as well as rehabilitative exercises for each region of the body designed to address patient specific problems.
AC 3307 Auxiliary Chiropractic Therapy
Students learn to use various therapeutic modalities. These include electrotherapy, hydrotherapy, mechanotherapy, phototherapy, thermotherapy, and cryotherapy. They become acquainted with basic physics, physiological principles, indications and contraindications as well as appropriate applications of modalities and appliances in a variety of conditions.
CP 3303 Chiropractic Practice: Principles And Professional Ethics II
The third and final course for the core series in chiropractic principles. This course is designed to integrate information and give it a clinical application so as to help prepare students for their clinical education. The course explores a variety of topics including informed consent, professional boundaries and other ethical issues, all focused on clinical issues between practitioner and patient. The scientific evidence in support of the chiropractic management of certain “Type O” (internal) disorders is considered, and introductory lectures are given in mind-body medicine.
CP 3304 Chiropractic Practice: Business and Law
Acquaints students with their rights and obligations together with, and more importantly, the rights and obligations of the patient. Emphasis is placed on risk management, informed consent, chiropractic legal issues, ethics and the law, the patient-doctor relationship, writing a chiropractic legal report, and practice management. This course familiarizes students with the relationship between chiropractic practice and the law. Chiropractic Practice Project (CP 4404) is introduced in this course but is completed in Year IV.
CD 3302 Orthopedic Case Studies
Emphasizes an expedient approach to the evaluation of various orthopedic and neurological conditions to enhance students’ clinical skills. It will keep students abreast of new and changing diagnostic tests for the conditions studied.
CD 3303 Neurodiagnosis in Chiropractic Practice
Studies the symptoms and signs of a broad range of common neurological disorders with particular emphasis on those conditions which are frequently seen by chiropractors. Students attain the knowledge and skills required to conduct a neurological examination and to correlate clinical neurological findings with other diagnostic data. The lectures are supplemented by videotaped cases, patient presentations, and laboratory demonstrations.
CD 3304 Differential Diagnosis
Fosters the integration of the material learned from other clinical diagnosis courses in a small group, Problem Based Learning setting. This course enables students to correlate past and present levels of knowledge in the diagnosis of patient conditions, as well as develop systematic analytical and diagnostic skills. Students work through history, physical examination, special tests, and plan the management of several chiropractic cases under the guidance of a faculty facilitator.
CD 3305 Diagnosis and Symptomatology
Studies the diagnosis of disorders of the various body systems at an advanced level. Emphasis is placed on etiology, pathology, signs and symptoms, differential diagnosis, and treatment. Areas of study include disorders of the cardiovascular, genitourinary, respiratory, gastrointestinal and endocrine systems, as well as dermatology, eyes, ears, nose and throat (EENT), hematology, allergic reactions, and immunology. Particular attention is focused on knowledge of those disease processes which confront the primary contact chiropractic practitioner.
CD 3406 Clinical Psychology
Equips students with the necessary background to identify psychological problems and respond to them effectively. Emphasis is placed on understanding the full spectrum of normal and abnormal behaviours with a specific focus on the syndromes most commonly met in chiropractic practice. Students are introduced to clinical observation, systematic inquiry and evaluation, and management and treatment of these patients within the context of a chiropractic practice.
CD3407 Emergency Care
Builds upon the basic First Aid and CPR (C) certificate required for entry into Year I. CD 3407 provides the knowledge and skills required to be competent in handling first aid emergencies. Topics covered include head and spinal injuries, stroke, shock, respiratory emergencies and chest injuries, burns, heat and cold emergencies, diabetics, poisoning, and emergency childbirth. A current Ontario Heart and Stroke Foundation CPR Basic Rescuer Certification is required for completion of this course.
CD 3408 Chiropractic Practice: Special Populations: Paediatric Patient
Teaches the diagnosis and chiropractic management of conditions affecting children which are amenable to chiropractic care. Consideration is given to the case history, examination, treatment, and referral of the young patient. Such topics as disorders of the neuromuscular system, orthopedics, infectious diseases, and common malignancies are presented for study. Special emphasis is placed on prevention and correction of structural problems and drugless therapeutics.
CD 3409 Chiropractic Practice: Special Populations: Female Patient
Introduces disorders of the female reproductive system and teaches standard diagnostic gynaecologic procedures. Students become proficient in eliciting the information necessary to satisfy the criteria for chiropractic care or referral to a gynaecologist. Treatment of gynaecological conditions amenable to chiropractic care is discussed. The differential diagnosis of functional and organic causes of gynaecologic signs and symptoms are emphasized and related to specific clinical cases. Prenatal care, childbirth, and postpartum care are discussed and emphasis is placed on chiropractic management issues.
CD 3410 Chiropractic Practice: Special Populations: Older Patient
Introduces students to conditions affecting the older patient. This course covers the study of the process of aging and relates it to the practice of chiropractic. Emphasis is placed on the practical aspects of the treatment and care of older patients.
RN 3301 Radiological Technology
Builds on the information presented in RN 1102. The production of radiographs of good diagnostic quality with minimum patient exposure is emphasized. Areas of discussion include patient positioning, calculation of proper technique factors, equipment operation, film processing, and operator protection. Students utilize simulated and live X-ray equipment and phantom exposures, under the supervision of X-ray technologists.
RN 3302 Radiographic Interpretation IV
Presents soft tissue radiology including the range of normal appearances of chest and abdominal radiographs, patterns of abnormal disease processes in these regions, and indications for prompt referral. The indications for contrast studies and special imaging procedures of the chest and abdomen are reviewed. The material is presented in a problem based format, linking clinical findings with the diagnostic images.
CE 3303 Chiropractic Clinical Practice III
Continues to emphasize evidence based care in building upon the Year I and Year II clinical practice programs. Small group tutorials and discussion groups will continue using case studies to refine history taking, physical examination, and patient management skills as well as to explore issues relevant to the chiropractic management of a variety of clinical conditions. An expanded observation program facilitates the refinement of the Year III student’s ability to develop appropriate patient management skills.
RM 3301 Investigative Project – Protocol Development
The student group must successfully complete the literature synthesis protocol. The course is self-directed; online support is provided.